中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******
中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文•麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。
资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀 摄由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。
麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。
一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。
此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。
作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。
美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。
这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。
从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。
两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy
(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".
The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.
Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.
On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.
On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.
Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.
As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.
But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.
CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.
This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.
Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.
From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.
Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.
The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
相关企业借势热推，消毒家电会成行业新机遇吗？****** 羊城晚报记者 黄婷 连日来，随着新冠病毒感染调整为“乙类乙管”，家庭和个人的健康防护显得至关重要。而家庭里最有可能残存新冠病毒的位置是冰箱。一连串话题引发热议，也推动了一些冰箱厂商对于杀灭新冠病毒技术的研发和推广。 行业掀起营销热潮 此前，南方医科大学第五附属医院感染管理科主任向东明在受访时建议，如果有家庭成员未感染新冠病毒的，或者家中常有客人来访的，应该对冰箱进行清洁。新冠病毒在潮湿、低温的环境中存活时间较长，可能在冰箱里长期存活，未被感染的人员可能会通过冰箱接触到活的新冠病毒。 在冰箱消毒备受关注的同时，记者留意到，不少冰箱品牌掀起一波“灭新冠冰箱”和健康冰箱的营销热潮。 如长虹旗下的品牌美菱新上市了杀新冠冰箱产品，据介绍，其原理与酒精、消毒机杀灭新冠病毒类似，都是利用一定浓度的消毒物质破坏新冠病毒的蛋白质外壳。美菱技术相关负责人表示：“美菱灭毒装置安全环保高效广谱，内置特有高分子缓释凝胶，能够持久释放高效新生态原子氧，杀灭及阻断细菌、病毒等微生物蛋白质合成，能够全空间高效灭杀新冠病毒等多种病毒。”容声冰箱也借势宣传，称其应用于多款冰箱产品的AI离子除菌技术也可以全面高效去除冰箱内的新冠病毒。容声冰箱技术工程师介绍，该技术通过在数秒内脉冲电离释放出数百万负离子，实时主动地全方位、主动消灭各种病毒，甚至直接摧毁病毒的蛋白质外壳，发挥高效除菌杀毒的作用。 是否行业升级机遇？ 记者了解到，美菱和容声的上述冰箱技术及产品，均获得第三方检测机构的认证。据称，美菱“杀新冠冰箱”的灭毒装置已通过北京中析研究所认证。报告显示，美菱灭毒装置作用10分钟后，可以有效灭杀冷藏/冷冻箱物体表面的105.6TCID50新型冠状病毒，灭杀率高达99.9%。而容声的上述技术模块于2021年2月取得欧洲知名权威检测机构Texcell检测报告，认定其对于新冠病毒的去除率高达99.998%。 美菱还于1月5日透露，将向全行业无偿转让冰箱杀新冠技术，携手同行一起制造更多健康产品，惠及整个产业的科技创新发展；并推出冰箱灭新冠行动。 值得探讨的是，杀灭新冠病毒的冰箱产品，能否成为冰箱行业复苏的新机遇？ 在刚刚过去的2022年，外需收缩和内部疫情影响打乱了冰箱行业原本就不乐观的市场走势，使得行业规模增长继续承压。行业咨询机构奥维云网(AVC)全渠道推总数据显示，2022年冰箱市场零售量为2988万台，同比下滑6.3%；零售额926亿元，同比下降4.7%。 奥维云网报告提到，后疫情时代，消费者健康防护意识显著提升，囤货存储、精细化存储及健康化存储需求更加迫切，为冰箱的大容积升级趋势提供了有力支撑。 实际上，在疫情前，冰箱行业内较受关注的是冰箱的杀菌与抗菌功能，但由于标准体系不完善，市场相对混乱，给消费者的选购带来了困扰，随着首个家用杀菌电冰箱标准的发布，冰箱杀菌功能得到界定。 性能宣传亟待规范 随着消毒类家电的走红，部分企业对消毒性能的宣传亟待规范。记者查阅相关标准发现，《家用及类似用途电器的抗病毒、除病毒功能通用技术要求及试验方法》团体标准已于2020年6月开始实施，该标准主要从除病毒通用方法进行规范，并对各个类型的家电除病毒方法进行细分，起到快速弥补行业标准空白的作用。不过，团体标准仍属于小范围内制定的标准，亟待更加权威和科学的标准来引导行业发展。 大众彩票地图 |
